Final exam Essay

SAINT PETER’S UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF NURSING NU 304 NX FINAL EXAMINATION SPRING 2014 1. When the immunoglobulin crosses the placenta, what type of immunity does the fetus receive? a. Active b. Passive c. Innate d. Cell-mediated 2. The predominant antibody of a typical primary immune response is: a. IgG b. IgM c. IgA d. IgE 3. While planning care, a nurse recalls seasonal allergic rhinitis is expressed through: a. IgE-mediated reactions b. Tissue-specific reactions c. Antigen-antibody complexes d. Type II hypersensitivity reactions 4. When histamine is released in the body, which of the following responses would the nurse expect? a. Bronchial dilation b. Edema c. Vasoconstriction d. Constipation 5. When thought content and arousal level are intact but a patient cannot communicate, the patient has: a. Cerebral death b. Locked-in syndrome c. Dysphagia d. Cerebellar motor syndrome 6. A 65-year-old male recently suffered a cerebral vascular accident. He is now unable to recognize and identify objects by touch because of injury to the sensory cortex. How should the nurse document this finding? a. Hypomimesis b. Agnosia c. Dysphasia d. Echolalia 7. A 69-year-old male with a history of alcohol abuse presents to the emergency room (ER) after a month-long episode of headaches and confusion. Based on his alcoholism, a likely cause of his neurologic symptoms is: a. Concussion b. Chronic subdural hematoma c. Epidural hematoma d. Subacute subdural hematoma 8. _____ are most at risk of spinal cord injury from minor trauma. a. Infants b. Men c. Women d. The elderly 9. Six weeks ago a female patient suffered a T6 spinal cord injury. She then developed a blood pressure of 200/120, a severe headache, blurred vision, and bradycardia. What does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing? a. Extreme spinal shock b. Acute anxiety c. Autonomic hyperreflexia d. Parasympathetic areflexia 10. A 23-year-old female begins having problems with tiredness, weakness, and visual changes. Her diagnosis is multiple sclerosis (MS). What is occurring in the patient’s body? a. Depletion of dopamine in the central nervous system (CNS) b. Demyelination of nerve fibers in the CNS c. The development of neurofibril webs in the CNS d. Reduced amounts of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction 11. Which statement by a patient indicates teaching was successful regarding myasthenia gravis? Myasthenia gravis results from: a. Viral infection of skeletal muscle b. Atrophy of motor neurons in the spinal cord c. Demyelination of skeletal motor neurons d. Autoimmune injury at the neuromuscular junction 12. If a patient’s posterior pituitary is removed, which hormone would the nurse expect to decrease? a. PRF b. ADH c. ACTH d. GH 13. If a patient had a problem with the adrenal medulla, which of the following hormones should the nurse monitor? a. Cortisol b. Epinephrine c. Androgens d. Estrogens 14. When catecholamines are released in a patient, what should the nurse assess for? a. Nutrient absorption b. Fluid retention c. Hypotension d. Hyperglycemia 15. A 45-year-old female has elevated thyroxine production. Which of the following would accompany this condition? a. Increased thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH) b. Increased anterior pituitary stimulation c. Decreased T4 d. Decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 16. A 54-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis (lung infection) is evaluated for syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances would be expected in this patient? a. Hyponatremia b. Hyperkalemia c. Hypernatremia d. Hypokalemia 17. A 22-year-old male is admitted to the intensive care unit with a closed head injury sustained in a motorcycle accident. The injury has caused severe damage to the posterior pituitary. Which of the following complications should the nurse anticipate? a. Dilutional hyponatremia b. Dehydration from polyuria c. Cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia d. Metabolic acidosis 18. While checking the lab results for a patient with Graves disease, the nurse would check the T3 level to be abnormally: a. Low b. High c. Variable d. Absent 19. A 19-year-old female with type 1 DM was admitted to the hospital with the following lab values: serum glucose 500 mg/dl (high), urine glucose and ketones 4+ (high), and arterial pH 7.20 (low). Her parents state that she has been sick with the â€Å"flu† for a week. Which of the following statements best explains her acidotic state? a. Increased insulin levels promote protein breakdown and ketone formation. b. Her uncontrolled diabetes has led to renal failure. c. Low serum insulin promotes lipid storage and a corresponding release of ketones. d. Insulin deficiency promotes lipid metabolism and ketone formation. 20. A patient with Addison disease has weakness and easy fatigability. A nurse recalls this is due to: a. Hyperkalemia b. Hypoglycemia c. Hypocortisolism d. Metabolic acidosis 21. A nurse wants to determine if there is kidney dysfunction in a patient with diabetes. Which of the following is the earliest manifestation? a. Polyuria b. Glycosuria c. Microalbuminuria d. Decreased glomerular filtration 22. Which condition will cause a patient to secrete erythropoietin? a. Low blood pressure b. Hypercarbia c. Inflammation d. Hypoxia 23. While planning care for a patient with urinary problems, the nurse recalls that the renin-angiotensin system will be activated by: a. Increased blood volume b. Elevated sodium concentrations c. Decreased blood pressure in the afferent arterioles d. Renal hypertension 24. A 55-year-old male presents reporting urinary retention. Tests reveal that he has a lower urinary tract obstruction. Which of the following is of most concern to the nurse? a. Vesicoureteral reflux and pyelonephritis b. Formation of renal calculi c. Glomerulonephritis d. Increased bladder compliance 25. A 15-year-old male was diagnosed with pharyngitis. Eight days later he developed acute glomerulonephritis. While reviewing the culture results, which of the following is the most likely cause of this disease? a. Klebsiella b. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) c. Genital herpes virus d. Group A ß-hemolytic streptococcus 26. A 30-year-old male is demonstrating hematuria with red blood cell casts and proteinuria exceeding 3 to 5 g/day, with albumin being the major protein. The most probable diagnosis the nurse will see documented on the chart is: a. Cystitis b. Chronic pyelonephritis c. Acute glomerulonephritis d. Renal calculi 27. A 54-year-old female is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following is a common symptom of this disease? a. Hematuria b. Dysuria c. Oliguria d. Proteinuria 28. A 45-year-old female presents with hypertension, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and anemia. She is diagnosed with chronic renal failure. When the patient asks what caused this anemia, how should the nurse respond? Your anemia is caused by: a. Red blood cells being lost in the urine b. Inadequate production of erythropoietin c. Inadequate iron absorption in the gut d. Red blood cells being injured as they pass through the glomerulus 29. A 50-year-old male is experiencing reflux of chyme from the stomach. He is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux. This condition is caused by: a. Fibrosis of the lower third of the esophagus b. Sympathetic nerve stimulation c. Loss of muscle tone at the lower esophageal sphincter d. Reverse peristalsis of the stomach 30. A 10-month-old is brought to the pediatrician by the mother who states the baby has been experiencing colicky pain followed by vomiting, sweating, nausea, and irritability. Testing reveals a condition in which one part of the intestine telescopes into another. From which type of intestinal obstruction is he suffering? a. Hernia b. Ileus c. Torsion d. Intussusception 31. A 54-year-old male is diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. This condition is most likely caused by: a. Hereditary hormonal imbalances with high gastrin levels b. Breaks in the mucosa and presence of corrosive secretions c. Decreased vagal activity and vascular engorgement d. Gastric erosions related to high ammonia levels and bile reflux 32. A 39-year-old female with chronic intermittent pain in the epigastric area 2 to 3 hours after eating is diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer. Which of the following behaviors may have contributed to the development of the ulcer? a. Cigarette smoking b. Drinking caffeinated beverages c. Consuming limited fiber d. Antacid consumption 33. A 54-year-old male complains that he has been vomiting blood. Tests reveal portal hypertension. Which of the following is the most likely cause of his condition? a. Thrombosis in the spleen b. Cirrhosis of the liver c. Left ventricular failure d. Renal stenosis 34. A 60-year-old female with a history of alcoholism complains of recent weight gain and right flank pain. Physical examination reveals severe ascites. This condition is caused by decreased: a. Albumin and lack of cellular integrity b. Capillary filtration pressure c. Capillary permeability d. Antidiuretic hormone secretion 35. A 31-year-old female presents with midabdominal pain. She is expected to have acute pancreatitis. Which of the will be part of the treatment plan? (Select all that apply.) a. Narcotic analgesics b. Restriction of food intake c.Nasogastric suctioning d. Antibiotics e. IV fluids 36. Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder wall usually caused by: a. Accumulation of bile in the hepatic duct b. Obstruction of the cystic duct by a gallstone c. Accumulation of fat in the wall of the gallbladder d. Viral infection of the gallbladder 37. While planning care for a patient with an extradural hematoma, which principle should the nurse remember? The main source of bleeding in extradural (epidural) hematomas is: a. Arterial b. Venous c. Capillary d. Sinus 38. A 30-year-old white male recently suffered a cerebrovascular accident. Which of the following is the most likely factor that contributed to his stroke? a. Age b. Gender c. Diabetes d. Race 39. A 72-year-old male demonstrates left-sided weakness of upper and lower extremities. The symptoms lasted 4 hours and resolved with no evidence of infarction. The patient most likely experienced a(n): a. Stroke in evolution b. Arteriovenous malformation c. Transient ischemic attack d. Cerebral hemorrhage 40. A 25-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting fever, headache, nuchal rigidity, and decreased consciousness. She was previously treated for sinusitis. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? a. Aseptic meningitis b. Bacterial meningitis c. Fungal meningitis d. Nonpurulent meningitis 41. A patient is admitted with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Which classic assessment findings will support the diagnosis of ALS? a. Progressive dementia b. Muscle weakness and atrophy c. Severe paresthesias d. Autonomic dysfunctions 42. Which information indicates the nurse understands assessment findings of an aneurysm? a. A headache is the most common symptom b. The majority are asymptomatic c. Nosebleeds are an early symptom d. Epidural hemorrhage occurs in over 80% of patients 43. A 50-year-old male patient is deficient in ADH production. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect to find? a. Increased blood volume b. Increased urine osmolality c. Increased urine volume d. Increased arterial vasoconstriction 44. Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus (DM), and SIADH share which of the following assessment manifestations? a. Polyuria b. Edema c. Vomiting and abdominal cramping d. Thirst 45. A 22-year-old female has a low level of TSH. What condition does the nurse expect the patient is experiencing? a. Primary hypothyroidism b. Secondary hypothyroidism c. Autoimmune hypothyroidism d. Atypical hypothyroidism 46. A 45-year-old female with Graves disease underwent surgical removal of her thyroid gland. During the postoperative period, her serum calcium was low. The most probable reason for her low serum calcium is: a. Hyperparathyroidism secondary to Graves disease b. Myxedema secondary to surgery c. Hypoparathyroidism caused by surgical injury to the parathyroid glands d. Hypothyroidism resulting from lack of thyroid replacement 47. A 12-year-old female is newly diagnosed with type 1 DM. When the parents ask what causes this, what is the nurse’s best response? a. A familial, autosomal dominant gene defect b. Obesity and lack of exercise c. Immune destruction of the pancreas d. Hyperglycemia from eating too many sweets 48. When a nurse is assessing the physical features of individuals with Cushing syndrome, these findings will include: a. Weight loss and muscle wasting b. Truncal obesity and moon face c. Pallor and swollen tongue d. Depigmented skin and eyelid lag 49. A 45-year-old male complains of heartburn after eating and difficulty swallowing. He probably has: a. Pyloric stenosis b. Gastric cancer c. Achalasia d. Hiatal hernia 50. The primary causes of duodenal ulcers include (select all that apply): a. Consumption of spicy foods b. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) c. H. pylori infection d. Trauma e. Side effects of antibiotics

I had only come to America to make a small fortune – Creative Writing

Today was not a good day for me. Not many days are. It started out a warm day. The sun was shining and people where getting on with their lives, drive-bys, robbing banks and the normal nine to five jobs that where available. I don't live in a particularly nice place, Harlem, but at the moment I could only afford to live there. I walked out of my small one bedroom, cramped flat onto the busy street and was on the way to the bus stop to get to work when two people came out of nowhere and attacked me. They stole my wallet and ran away. After about five minutes I limped up off the floor and continued my journey to work. After that it was a slow and painful walk but I eventually reached the bus stop. The bus arrived and I got on. I had to push my way to the back and had to stand up at the back of the bus because there wasn't a free seat available. I glanced down at my watch and realised that I was already five minutes late for work. I had to try so hard to find a job and I didn't want to loose this one and go back to living on the streets. Most people didn't want to hire a black person to even clean the dishes at a restaurant. There was always the option of cleaning the streets but I had only come to America to make a small fortune then I would have gone back home. But now I realise that life doesn't always turn out as you expected to. I worked in a small cafi. I didn't make much there but I could live off it. I got off the bus in a rush and ran down the street as fast as my legs could carry me, ignoring the pain I was still in. The cafi I worked in was two blocks away from the bus stop so I was still quite far away from it. I finally reached it. It was a small white building, which, was really in need of a clean and a paint job. I ran in the back door and started to get changed. My boss was standing at the door and he looked quite angry. I slowly walked up to him and apologised for being late. All I could think about was what he was going to say to me. He had been the only person to give me a chance to work. I tried to apologise to him but he just told me to get my stuff and go home. I decided to walk back home. All I could think about was how back home in the morning you would wake up to the sound of the waves hitting the rocks and the smell of the salt from the sea. I thought about how friendly the people where there and missed the simplicity of life. I thought about the sun setting on the beach and listening to the sea slop around calmly over the gold and silver sand. How at night you can smell the fresh sea air intertwined with the smells of the foods that people had prepared earlier for themselves , carried with the smell of the pure reefer that you got there, not the chemical stuff that you get in Harlem , that's sold on the street corners by the dealers. Then I thought about my home there. I wasn't much but to me it was more than I have in Harlem. It was a little wooden hut. I continued to comfort myself as I solemnly walked back to my apartment. As I walked across a road a man stuck out his leg and tripped me over. I saw the man walk off and cars swerved around me trying not to run me over. I quickly got up and started to run home. I tried to avoid anyone I could see so that my journey back would be quicker. I knew that I was quite close to my apartment so I hurried even more. I finally arrived and as I walked up the stairs people where staring at me. I got inside and felt so depressed. It was the type of feeling when your goalkeeper gets sent off in the 18th minute of the champion's league final. Now all I want to do is go back to Jamaica and see my family but I cant afford it so all I have left is my memories of the past.

Walmart Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Walmart - Assignment Example The business also pays the immigrant workers that have been hired less than the minimum wage reducing the costs but increasing production to satisfy the needs of consumers. Walmart stores have minimum factures and fittings. The stores also have self-service for the customers rather than full-services. Full services would increase the operation costs of the stores thus te company adopts self-service where the consumers gets satisfied at a reduced cost. The company also sells goods at discounted price to consumers to satisfy their needs at the lowest possible cost. Walmart is considered a service as the company employs many Canadians and the company is committed to provide Canadians with the best shopping experience in the marketplace through delivering low prices, exceptional customer service and involving the community (Roberts & Berg, 2012). The goals of Walmart also include respect for individuals, service to the customers and striving for excellence. This characterizes Walmart as a service. The short-term goals of Walmart are all aimed at provision of services to customers. Walmart is considered a product as it involves in production of goods to satisfy the needs of the customers. In the long term sustainability goals, Walmart is focuses in provision of goods to consumers at zero waste, to be powered 100% by renewable energy and to sell products and sustain the environment. The long-term goals of Walmart are aimed at provision of goods hence makes it to be considered a product. The behavior that Walmart has shown towards its employees includes putting pressure on hourly employees to work overtime without compensating the workers. Immigrant workers that are hired to clean the stores are paid less than the minimum wages. Women are also discriminated. The behavior is mainly to reduce the costs that Walmart uses in production of its goods and the services that they offer. The other

Canadian Shield Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Canadian Shield - Case Study Example Speaking of the person who is responsible for making the key decision concerning the company’s software, one should mention that at the present moment Seamus possesses a considerable amount of power in this area. On one hand, he is the head of the IS department; so, it is his call when it comes to implementation of new IT solutions. On the other hand, he has been focused on developing the in-house ISS that he is experiencing troubles with. In other words, at the present moment he is the expert on the new software that is being developed. Additionally, he has been conducting research on commercially available software and found that there is software out there that can be compared with the system that he has been working on. This means that he was able to collect a lot of knowledge about the current situation, and he has made a reasonable decision. However, it is quite understandable that such an important decision can hardly be put on the shoulders of a single person. Therefor e, the board of directors should make the call regarding the decision to move on with the custom software or switch to systems which were developed by other companies. Indeed, this is a rather important change that is likely to affect numerous people and there might be situations where its effect will not be positive. That is why the board of directors should weigh all the possibilities and choose the variant that suits the company best both in the short term and the long-term perspective. It is quite possible that Seamus’s decision can be biased.

Health Care systems in Rural India Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Health Care systems in Rural India - Case Study Example These Adivasis live in small groups and are mostly on the move, always searching for their livelihood. In this essay I have chosen these people living near the village afore mentioned as a back drop for the essay. These people ear their livelihood by collecting tamarind, mangoes and wood from the forest and sells them in the nearby villages. The women of the community produce hand made crafts and art forms which did not recognition so far (Pushpa Chari: "Voices of the margins", 2009). Many of their children do not go to schools even today and therefore cannot read and write. From several generations these tribes remained secluded often unwanted. They speak in a native language called as "Gondu" (C.Sudhakar Reddy et al, 2008), which the urban population cannot comprehend easily. Healthcare remains an unknown concept to them as both the Men and women of all ages in this tribe chews tobacco or related products, and drink locally made liquor, which is mostly unpurified spirit. The women cook their meals on open fire from wood collected from the forests. Despite the fact that Indian economy is improving at a tremendous rate some parts of this world still lurks in dark regions. These tribal people are still striving for an identity of their own. Communication with these people for the external world is a tough proposition. Because they are always on the move communication of any sort will be very difficult as also is identifying their location. Nomadic culture still prevails in them and is a big constraint in communicating with them. Environmental factors: Environmental factors such as inter group rivalries over women, food and money are resulting as big limiting factors towards communication. These rivalries are a result of their lack of understanding and a poor example of their social behavior Psychosocial factors: Their inability to communicate with outside public except in their native "gondu" is a big limiting factor. Their inability to mix with the common public is restricting their learning opportunity. In fact they are unable to identify their health care needs, social needs, education needs etc due to the above stated psychosocial factors. Their beliefs towards health practices and its impact on their communities These adivasis believe that when people in their families falls sick they prey and make offerings to Neem trees and Banyan trees, according to them these trees are like replicas of goddesses and shower them with their blessings and offer them health. Also in case they need a medicine they will approach witches and other small time practitioners of medicine. Often they lose their lives because these medical practitioner's weird practices. It is indeed hard to believe even to day around 70% of the people of these communities do not have access towards primary healthcare. As a result infant mortality and deaths of pregnant women are common. Barriers influencing health schemes from reaching these communities: Because these people are moving from place to place from time to time, governments and officials are failing to recognize their health care

Management must strive for efficiency & effectiveness throughout Essay - 2

Management must strive for efficiency & effectiveness throughout organisation. Discuss, relating to strategic and operational theories and concepts covered within the lecture notes of this course - Essay Example re the intrinsic management attributes that are linked with efficiency and effectiveness that is rampant in any organization in the time and age of today. The same are discussed in line with the strategic and operational theories and concepts that have been studied thus far. Strategic basis of the management regimes indicate that an organization is more than willing to think long term, and hence devise ways and means through which success would be envisioned for the sake of the business concern. The operational theories and concepts are also important to discern and later on comprehend because embody the basis of success for an organization in the long run. The manner in which the external environment plays a definitive role as well as the building up of the strategic. Similarly managing the marketing mix is pivotal towards resolving the management related problems on a proactive basis. The same is necessary because it helps solve quite a few issues which basically mar the basis of an organization in the long run (Sims 2002). Efficiency and effectiveness within an organization is achieved through hard work and consistency that is related with the different processes, activities and tasks. The strategy development process could either be an intended one within an organization or it could comprise of an emergent form. Both have challenges and implications which are related with the strategic drift, the learning organizational basis, the uncertain and complex conditions and the overall management of the strategy development processes. The strategic management is therefore a combination of the external environment and the strategic capability that holds the strategic choices like business level strategies, the corporate and international level strategies and the development directions and methodologies (Ruhli 1993). The external environment similarly is related with the building up of the strategic capabilities. This means that the internal level analysis holds

Ideological conflicts in medical research Essay

Ideological conflicts in medical research - Essay Example This paper begins with the purpose of medical researches that is to invent new medicines for addressing ailments. If such medicines are tested in animals, we may fail to accurately predict the exact repercussions of such medicines on human beings. It is not sure that all medicines that work on animals should work on human beings. Moreover, a positive dimension of this is that it reduces the unethical treatment of animals in the name of medical research. For, human beings and other animals have equal importance in this world. Therefore, an experiment for the betterment of his race must be done on himself. One may say that all experimentations carried on in medical field intend the common good of the mankind and hence there is no problem in taking a few as the means to reach the end. However, humanitarians are always against treating man as means. The exponents who argue that man must only be treated as an end may put forward the following arguments. If a person participates in a new d rug application trial, his primary reason can be that he gets an opportunity to get extra money. He believes that the doctor will do his/her part well and no harm will be caused to him. In fact, if that person meets with any serious disaster during the trial, no one will be responsible since the individual has taken the decision at his own discretion. Therefore, it is not ethical to deploy human beings for such dangerous experiments. The reason lies with the fact that a physician always tries to save one’s life by all means whereas, a researcher tries to generate knowledge experimenting with the patients. (Boomgaarden & Louhiala, 2003, p. 101). Evidently, the subject’s life is put in danger. At this juncture, the ethical perception of a researcher is set in dispute. For, the researcher will not act as a physician but only a researcher; and nobody will be found responsible for a damage caused to the human life underwent experimentation (ibid). In addition, since man is superior to all, his security and wellbeing must be given prime consideration. If samples of trial medicines are first tested on animals there is a privilege of identifying the likely bad effects on man. Hence, potential risks against the subjects can be eliminated that way. In the same way, it is highly unethical to use captivated person, mentally retarded persons and persons who are regarded as less worthy as subjects without their consent. For example, the Nazi experiments conducted in Concentration Camps during Second World War (Standler, 2000). It must be noted that, as an individual, the doctor cannot take any measure or try any course of action without the assent of the person captivated or compelled to undergo experimentation. Moreover, due to the application of the untested medicines the survivor is likely to give in for other kinds of ailments though he is not directly affected by the experiment shortly (ibid). On the other hand, it is not always possible to use man as end due to a number of constraints. Therefore, according to this opinion, man must be used as means as well. Such trials are usually conducted on relatively small number of healthy volunteers.

Social Inequality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social Inequality - Essay Example Dan Croteau, a roman catholic, a widower and father of two daughters coming from a working class has met Cate Woolner, a Jew, a widow and mother of two sons coming from a rich aristocratic family and they decided to tie their relationship through a marriage after a long dating session. Both of them had failed marriages and hence they have taken extreme care in knowing each other well, before engage in a marriage relationship. (LEWIN) This paper analyses different perspectives of this marriage of two un-equals. Dan Croteau was a normal person coming from a working class family where as Cate Woolner was coming from an aristocratic family. The difference in wealth is a major factor which can make or break a marriage relationship. A male and female irrespective of their financial capabilities may fall in love due to infatuation. But after marriage, these financial differences often come into play. But in Croteau’s and Woolner’s case, both of them have taken extreme care in order to remove the bad influences of differences in financial capabilities in their married life. Ms Woolner has taken measures to raise the standard of living of Croteau. â€Å"Ms. Woolner gave him money to buy a new car and pay off some debts.† (LEWIN) Another difference between these two was the difference in their educational levels and earnings. In order to reduce the gap in education and also to increase the earning potential of Croteau, she agreed to pay for a $10,000 computer course that helped prepare him for his current job as a software analyst at the Cheshire Medical Center in Keene. (LEWIN) It was another wise move from the part of Ms. Woolner as it increased the earning potentials of Croteau which made him more comfortable in their life. Both Croteau and Woolner were coming from different religions; Christian and Jew respectively. But both of them were able to convince their family members about the strength of

Challange of Moral Education Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Challange of Moral Education - Term Paper Example In addition, I have always wanted to have an impact on my students and other learners since teaching to me is more of just a professional but an opportunity to serve different interests and direct people on the right paths to success. This is my main philosophical belief and motivation as a professional in the field of education. As the learners discover the best ways to attain moral standards, they are in turn able to present themselves in class in a suitable condition for grasping the contents of learning. Secondly, I believe in honesty and this value has motivated me to present the best I can to my students. Honesty is a religious virtue that is based on presentation of facts and situations they way they are without making alterations or intentionally making misrepresentations for personal interests. I believe that by being honest first to myself and then to the students, I am able to build a free learning environment, which is important for the whole process. During the learning process, evaluation of learners is always a critical component for the attainment of learning objectives. As a result, my next motivation is on stressing on merit rather than favoritism and biasness. For learners to get a real picture of the progress they are making in the learning process, it is important to provide them with the most sincere and standardized feedback as much as possible. Stressing on merit also helps in evaluating my effectiveness in the various modules. Subsequently, another of my motivations as a public educator is based on the principle of fairness to all regardless of their social, cultural and religious backgrounds. This is because looking at the divisions humans have in their quest for identity may blind our decisions. It is therefore common to... This paper approves that learning is an important developmental process in the life of any individual regardless of their religious, social or cultural standing in the society. Moral values are often overlooked in the learning process despite the numerous opportunities and advantages to do so. This project is therefore an important initiative of ensuring that the value system is promoted in the learning environment I am and shall be engaged with. My core philosophies and beliefs are based on issues that are critical for the success of learners even beyond the actual schooling or learning process. As a result, my advocacy in this area is pegged on the future of learners. It Says that organizations that support ethics and morality in education will also be partnered with, where possible, especially in provision of information to the learners. All these measures will therefore be employed to ensure that the challenges are eliminated. Thia essay come to the conclusion that , it is important for curriculum developers to ensure that moral and ethical standards are promoted even in the development of appropriate content for learners. To the extent of improving the learners’ attitude and belief system, the effective implementation of this program may be essential for the overall improvement of learners’ performance. This project is therefore an alternative to ensuring that there is a constant and gradual change in the learning process as well as among learners from different backgrounds.

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 10

History - Essay Example These letters show how many Americans were affected by the Great Depression, yet it also examines individual experiences and reactions to such experiences.1 2. What are the advantages of using letters as opposed to oral histories or reports by New Deal investigators to learn about the responses of ordinary people to the great depression? How did people respond? Did different classes (upper, middle, lower), racial groups, age groups, or men vs. women respond differently? There are certainly advantages to McElvaine’s use of letters in his account of the United States during the Great Depression compared to using oral histories or indeed using the reports of New Deal Investigators. Oral histories are not always accurate if they are recounted years or even decades after the events they describe. People may not always remember things accurately, or they might get details muddled up. On the other hand reports by New Deal reporters may not always be considered to be reliable, as with any organization set up by a government they could have presented a more positive light on events. Such inaccuracies would have been to demonstrate that the New Deal was successfully countering the worst affects of the Great Depression. People of different social, economic, and racial groups wrote the letters as the Great Depression had an impact on all sections of American society. Whilst previous economic recessions had hit the poorest the hardest, the Great Depressi on was unprecedented in scale and severity with up to 30 million people affected. President Hoover’s attempts to restore confidence in the economy failed whilst measures to alleviate poverty and unemployment proved wholly inadequate. 2 The Great Depression hit agriculture and industrial workers hard, the collapse of banks affected everybody. The agricultural sector was particularly affected by

The Impact of Slavery on African Society Essay Example for Free

The Impact of Slavery on African Society Essay Slavery has played a strong role in African society from as early as prehistoric times, continuing to the modern era. Early slavery within Africa was a common practice in many societies, and was very central to the country’s economy. Beginning around the 7th century, two groups of non-African slave traders significantly altered the traditional African forms of slavery that had been practiced in the past. Native Africans were now being forced to leave the country to be used as slaves. The two major slave trades, trans-Saharan and trans-Atlantic, became central to the organization of Africa and its societies until the modern era. Slavery and the slave trade strongly affected African society, and left long term impacts on the development of the entire continent due to the dehumanization of Africans and the high demand of labor causing the slow decline and dismantling of African states. From the 7th century, extending to the 20th century, Arab Muslims raided areas of West, Central, and East Africa, transporting thousands of Slaves to North Africa, the Middle East and India. The trans-Saharan slave trade increased between the 10th and 15th centuries, as Empires such as Songhai, Ghana, Mali, and Kanem-Bornu evolved south of the Sahara, guiding the slave trade. Over a period of more than a thousand years, the trans-Saharan slave trade directed the movement of over 10 million enslaved men, women, and children. The trans-Saharan slave trade led to the blossom of powerful African states in the inner parts of East Africa, and southern fringes of the Sahara. Although the trans-Saharan slave trade prompted the expansion of slavery within Africa, it was greatly outdone by the large trans-Atlantic trade that followed after the 15th century. The initial group of European slave traders in West Africa were the Portuguese, which was then followed by the British and French. During the 16th and 17th centuries, these three European Colonial Powers initiated the movement of slaves to their growing possessions in the New World. Slaves were sent across the Atlantic Ocean to North, Central, and South America, and the Caribbean Islands to establish and maintain consistent plantation and agriculture. As European desire grew for products including sugar, cotton and rice, the demand for plantation labor also increased. African slave labor was cheap among European standards, leading to the influx of such a large number of African slaves in the New World. European and American slave-traders acquired roughly 12 million slaves from West and west central Africa. People may argue that the practice did not become dehumanizing until white Europeans came along and took slaves to the Americas’. Slavery had existed in Africa as it had in other parts of the world, for centuries, but it was not based on race and it did not result in dehumanization and death, as did transatlantic slavery. This statement is claiming that because the economies of Africa did not depend on slave labor, the number of enslaved people was small until European traders arrived. I am convinced that the African slave trade led to the dehumanization of Africans because it was focused on the legal institution created by law in America, which allowed white American settlers to actually own Africans. This type of slavery was severe and brutal, and also degenerated Africans. The rise of industrialization in America brought the demand for large amounts of labor which Americans took advantage of to gain profit. The only group of Africans benefiting from the trans-Atlantic slave trade was the Elites. These were political members of the ruling class who would capture slaves and take them to markets along the coast. These wealthy slave dealers would use their riches to then identify with other wealthy families through marriage. This created a gap between the prosperous elite, and the struggling lower class. Throughout the continent, slavery had become a major element in African life. As the demand for slaves increased, slave raids became more prevalent, leaving parts of Africa dismantled and unorganized. Other practices such as enslavement as discipline and punishment for crime began to be introduced. Society was constantly changing in reaction to what was happening in slave trade. The slave trades caused political instability, led to much social fragmentation, and resulted in a decline of legal institutions. The countries from which the greatest number of slaves were taken, are the same areas that had the least developed political structures when the slave trades ended. These are the same countries that are the most ethnically fragmented in modern era Africa. These areas include states such as Angola, Chad, Tanzania, and Sierra Leone. When the slave trade came to an end, the African continent was strongly affected. Societies that for many years based their economy on slave labor, and slave trade, had trouble with creating new forms of gaining riches and organizing labor. Upon the ending of slavery and the slave trade in Africa, many governments that once had slaves, still were in desperate need of cheap labor. Due to this demand, African leaders and former slave owners created new methods of forcing Africans to work without pay or for very small amounts of compensation. Slavery has been a significant practice throughout the continent of Africa since pre-historic times. The trans-Saharan and trans-Atlantic slave trades changed the face of slavery in society throughout Africa. The impacts of slavery and the slave trade generated the disruption of the economy resulting in Africa becoming the poorest continent on earth. Slave trades have left Africa very separated, and most importantly underdeveloped and Africans dehumanized. Even though large empires such as Dahomey, Asante, and Benin expanded and prospered because of the slave trade, the successive abolition of the trade led to the fast downfall of all these states. The huge loss of population suppressed economic, social and political advancement. However, the transfer of Africans to the Americas has led to a cultural diversity unseen in world history. Today African Americans play predominant roles in the arts, sports, and music industry of society. Their contribution to and influence on world culture is incomparable.

My interersting travelling Essay Example for Free

My interersting travelling Essay The advantages of group learning As students are trained in the form of credits you probably already know and familiar with concepts such as group exercises , group discussions , group work But not with any student or group of students who also exploit the positive approach of this study . The cause of this situation comes from the students who , or sometimes from the other objective reasons . The advantage of this method of learning is almost always students aware and undeniable . Learning environment group will actively promote the learning of individuals , creating cohesion in a community . While working in groups , the contradictions that arise from student to resolve conflicts . From there , they will have the ability to resolve conflicts , to convince others of the situation may be encountered in later life . The spirit of learning and the ability to listen to others and will be what students will learn . These skills are very important when you step out of the work environment and this would be a good premise to know how to work in a team environment . Work , group discussions, not merely at the request of teachers set for students , but more importantly it is the study of student research . Study groups will gather opinions of individual creativity , from which the product will be rich academic creativity . The best method will be selected from the comments yet. Learning products will now also be the result of all the members . School groups are not effective , why ? The positive aspects of group learning methods is undeniable . But no group of students also achieved the highest results with this method of learning , even sometimes some students feel it brings a lot of forms and achieve less effective than individual work people . So the reason why ? First, a number of students considered that the group work exercise of  collective psychology so often not my job , everyone except himself . As a result, no one common father cry . Many think that school groups will be very comfortable as it is a form of learning by playing , learning to speak , thrown across his back turned another thing about this table It s so wrong . Since you are self- wasting his time in vain . Second, learning requires self-discipline team of each team member . The work is similar to the operation of a production line . Lines will not work , or work less effective if a part does not work or does not work properly function . If a team member does not work as assigned will result in the group will work stalled . The third reason , which is the division of labor is not clear . Sometimes a team member to take on too much work , while members have nothing to do . The work of the group is often put too much for the leader , sometimes even product is the result of individual rather than the leader of the group of products . Conversely , sometimes the leader hug too much work for her to lead the others self-love and the result is uncooperative . How to learn good team ? There are many causes of this learning method is not effective . Both objective reasons and from the school itself . So how to approach learning the most effective team ? First of all assigned work is reasonable . This depends on the role and ability of the leader to direct . When the work is clearly divided for each member they will be aware of his role , is responsible for completing the work . It is especially important to say to the self- consciousness of individuals in groups , students should find themselves responsible for a part of it , and the finished product has a contribution herself . A group is only effective when the members have self-consciousness : self-awareness of time , homework , self-awareness speech Only when each student develop  highly independent spirit , think about issues that need to provide learning research group that studies the group , the new group is promoting effects . And finally , the spirit of learning , listening hard , hard for that team will be the key to a successful exercise group . School performance group only when it is done on the basis of preparation of the content and methods of all members of the organization . With a networked computer , you can voice chat to discuss , study groups with friends everywhere just to save time , to be effective ! Please prepare yourself for a serious academic attitude and an effective group ! I hope to share on your part to help the students gain interest in learning groups , especially the effectiveness of learning with this method !

Obesity: Effect on Total Joint Replacement Patients

Obesity: Effect on Total Joint Replacement Patients The critical factor driving the growth in worldwide demand for joint replacement is obesity Kumar Anjan Contents (Jump to) Abstract: 1. Introduction 2. Obesity – How can we define it? 3. Surgical Risk: 4. Obesity and Implant Failure 5. Conclusion 6. Bibliography Abstract: During early days, obese individuals were often suggested to lose weight before undergoing total joint replacement (TJR). It was common observation amongst surgeons and doctors that morbidity rate amongst obese individuals were significantly high as compared to that of non-obese subjects. In addition, there was significant increase in the physical and technical labour of operating overweight individuals. This resulted in time saving and managing long queue of patients. Recently, scientific reports with positive results reflected that there is only negligible effect of obesity on TJR. However, recently in the UK several health care authorities proposed that there would not be any financial support provided to the individuals whose BMI exceeds 30 kg/m2. The primary reason behind the decision is the reduction in health care budget. In olden days, TJR was a procedure considered for those who were more than 65 years of age. However, this trend is significantly changing. According to Dr. A yeres (MD, Chair in Orthopaedics, and director of the Musculoskeletal Centre of Excellence at UMass Medical School), with an increased rate of obesity amongst individuals under the age of 65 is acting as a driving force towards TJR. Therefore, in this case report I have discussed about obesity and its effect on TJR.   1. Introduction: Total joint replacement (TJR) is globally acknowledged especially due to the revolution in the quality of life for those individuals suffering from osteoarthritis or similar health problems (Garellick et al, 1998). Moreover, in modern medicine TJR has proved its effectiveness as one of the most successful interventions. There are also several high demo graphs recorded towards the improvement of the quality of life, which surpasses coronary artery bypass as well as renal transplants (Williams A, 1985). In elderly population, TJR’s especially knee anthroplasty has shown to be most effective technology resulting towards better life quality. Study conducted among a population cohort of over 65 subjects who had TJR shows that they are leading a healthier life (UK population Census, 2001). Total joint replacement has definitely bought a revolution in modern health care system. However, there are certain implications that concern the public. One of the most critical limitations is the budgetary control which enforced by the competitive claim from the other intensive medical care system. Furthermore, as these treatments are not actually cost effective; therefore, it raises questions for the individuals undergoing a replacement as well as the government bodies who support the funding (Templeton, S.K. 2005). Recently, East Suffolk health trust in the U.K. decided to prioritize their patients undergoing TJR according to their weight and various other factors resulting in obesity. According to the top management of the trust, individuals who are overweight or obese are at an increased risk towards the efficacy of the surgery. This decision has definitely stirred controversy among the community undergoing TJR (Finer N, 2005). However, according to some valued sources, there i s no evidence that age, obesity or gender affects the functional outcome of the surgery (Templeton, S. K. 2005). Therefore, there is huge controversy surrounding towards the potential implications of obesity on TJR. Orthopaedic studies suggest that obesity leads towards degenerative changes in joints and leads towards complications and functional risk during post-surgery phase (Rockville, 2003). As there is no standard definition for obesity, it rather becomes very difficult to understand its actual meaning. However, several health care professionals recommend that problem in mobilisation and functional outcome is not visualised until an individual’s (BMI) exceeds 40 kg/m2 (Nammi et al, 2004). Various evidences conclude that obesity is the driving force towards development of osteoarthritis particularly in individuals with high BMI in an early age (DoH, 2001). In some rare scenarios, bariatic surgery is performed on the individuals before TJR. This is mainly due to bring their weight down to an acceptable score. 2. Obesity – How can we define it? Over several years, different authors described obesity in a different way. Obesity does not have an actual standard definition. However, the most common scientific way to describe obesity is based on the Body Mass Index (BMI) (Fig: 1) (Lawrence, 1998). BMI is also known as Quetelet Mass Index (QI) and is generally described as the ratio of the square of the height measured in meters (mt) to the weight in kilograms (kg) (Taylor, 1998). QI relates the body fat percentage and is one of the most preferred methods for the assessment of the potential health risk related with the overweight or obesity. Recently, authors started using the term â€Å"New World Syndrome† for obesity as its prevalence is dramatically increasing in the Europe as well as in the United States (USA). A shocking figure was projected when a recent survey was conducted by the Department of Health in the UK. According to the survey, prevalence in obesity has increased from 15% since 1995 to 21% in 2001 (Webb et al, 2004). Fig: 1 BMI Chart the ratio of the square of the height measured in meters (mt) to the weight in kilograms (kg). In the US, obesity has reached in an epidemic proportion. Considering the BMI of an individual, more than half of the adult population in the US are classified as overweight. According to a separate survey conducted in the US amongst 65-74 year age group, 66% were referred to as obese or overweight. Therefore, we can visualise the prevalence of obesity coinciding with the peak age during which most of the individual requires TJR (US Dept. of Health and Human Services, 2003). In the UK, the data shows similar outcomes to that of the US. Obesity amongst males in the UK has increased from 6% in 1980 to 22% in 2002 whereas in females, 8% 23% (DhO, 2001). According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), there is an increase in obesity between 10% 40% in last 10 years. WHO also claims that there are approximately 200 million obese adults around the globe and 18 million children under age five are classified as overweight. Moreover, by 2000 this data significantly increased to over 300 m illion. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a group of mechanical abnormalities, which involves in the degradation of joints, articular cartilage. It generally affects approximately 20 million individuals in the US. It causes substantial morbidity leading to disability in the later stages. This disease is more common amongst elderly population. However, recently it was observed that adult age group between 60-65 years of age are getting prone to this disease. According to few scientific sources, the main reason for OA amongst younger generation is obesity. Various scientific reports documents that in the US more than 200,000 knee and hip replacements are performed each year and 35% are young individuals under the age of 65 (Dho, 2001; US Dept. of Health and Human Services, 2003). Obesity is one of the most significant risk factors contributing towards osteoarthritis. Therefore, with an increase in obesity, there is a high probability of developing osteoarthritis. Moreover, this leads towards an increase prevalence of TJR (Felson et al, 2000). As we know that, there is a constant increase among obese patients undergoing TJR. Therefore, several researches links obesity with the TJR as well as the complications associated with the same. According to a joint study performed by a group of scientists and surgeons, it was found that there is an increase in complication rate in obese patients as compared to individuals with normal BMI (Olivera et al, 1999; Sahyoun et al, 1999). In addition, the operative duration significantly increases in obese subjects. However, factors like physical stress and injury to health care professional remains undiscovered. As already mentioned, it has been well established that there is a positive link that connects TJR and obesity. Whil st examining, individuals with high BMI are in an exponential increase for TJR over next few decades. According to several health care professionals, there is often a challenging situation during pre/post surgery in obese individuals. Moreover, there is a high risk of blood loss and blood transfusion. It has also been highlighted that nerve injury is common amongst obese patients as compared to the healthy individuals (non-obese) during TJR (Mantilla et al, 2003). 3. Surgical Risk: In the previous section, it was discussed that East Suffolk Health Trust in the UK prioritised their patients, which resulted in a huge controversy. According to public and human right activists, their decision was biased towards the individuals with higher BMI. The main reason behind the decision was increased risk and the cost involved in performing TJR amongst obese/overweight individuals. Supporting the decision of East Suffolk Health Trust, â€Å"Ipswich Protocol† was followed. According to this protocol, orthopaedic surgeons and health care personals were advised that patients/individuals found with BMI>30 should be barred towards the access of TJR/anthroplasty (Amen et al, 2006). Winiarsky’s group performed a research on a population cohort with BMI>40 undergoing TJR. The result showed that 22% of the subjects suffered from wound complication, 10% individuals developed infection and 8% of the subjects suffered from ligament damage. When these result was compared with the wild type (normal population), it was seen that only 2% non-obese subjects developed wound complication, 0.6% suffered from infection and surprisingly there were non with ligament damage. Later, same group of individuals were studied after five years and significant post surgical differences were noticed in obese subjects as compared to the normal (non-obese) individuals. Therefore, we can conclude from the above study that obese patients have high risk during pre and post surgery (Vasqez et al, 2003). However, in Toronto, a random survey amongst 24231-population cohort showed that after 2-7 years of surgery there was a high level of patient satisfaction with reference to pain and func tion. In addition, there was no negative impact on outcome that co-related with subject’s age or obesity (Heisel et al, 2005). In Los Angeles California, Miric et al studied several factors leading towards TJR complexity. Research was performed amongst 406 subjects undergoing total knee anthroplasty (TKA). According to the researchers, it was observed that there was a significant co-relation between BMI and subject’s cardiac history. Interestingly, patients with diabetes mellitus have had an increase stay in hospital as compared to the healthy (non-diabetic) patients. Therefore, the study concluded that there was not a significant difference amongst heavier patients as compared to those with normal BMI. In addition, the cut offs of BMI dividing overweight and obesity did not accurately divide patients into high/low risk categories (Foran et al, 2004). In Scotland, research was performed amongst group of 283 TKA patients between 1995 and 1999 consisting of obese and non-obese subjects. Researchers concluded that there was no significant difference in complication rates (Peersman et al, 2001). In a similar study in Baltimore Maryland, evaluation outcome of TKA in 68 obese subjects showed that after five years of surgery there was no significant difference amongst obese and non-obese subjects. However, surprisingly after 7 years of surgery obese patients had a higher â€Å"implant failure† rate as compared to non-obese subjects. It was also noted that 12.3% of the obese patients had to go for a re-operation due to implant failure. In addition, deep vein thrombosis was only noticed in obese subjects. Pritchett and Bortel described that obese patients had greater blood loss and needed blood transfusion as well as longer operative time. Peersman supported the view saying that the increase in the infection rate in obese patients w as due to the prolonged operative duration (Prichett and Bortel, 1991). 4. Obesity and Implant Failure As described in the previous section, in Baltimore, there was no evidence of either complication or mortality amongst obese patients after five years of surgery. However, the same group individuals suffered an â€Å"Implant Failure† after seven years of TJR. Various researches were conducted and scientists concluded that younger patients (age 65). Simulation of metal-onpolyethylene arthroplasty model under laboratory conditions showed that the principle cause of the device failure was due to increased wear rates when greater load was applied. Hence, it was proved that younger subjects due to their daily life routine were applying more force on the implant as compared to elder population cohort (Barbour et al, 1995; McKellop et al, 1995). Moreover, subjects who were able to reduce weight in seven years were living a healthier life as compared to other subjects. Therefore, we can conclude that obesity also potentially affects the device failure in long run. 5. Conclusion Recently, obesity and TJR has pulled the interest of several scientists, health care personals and even the government. Various government officials and trust group supporting financial aid are still under the impression that obesity leads to TJR. However, there is neither significant evidence nor sufficient clinical results to support their view. TJR surgery is a reliable procedure to offer sustainable pain relief and provide healthier life style regardless individual’s BMI. However, we cannot ignore the fact that obese individuals require special care in terms of patient handling, surgical exposure etc. In addition, obese subject are also at a high risk in wound healing, infection and longer duration of operative duration. It is also clinically proven that higher activity level leads towards device failure. As mentioned earlier, due to physical work restriction after TJR high probability lies towards increasing BMI. Therefore, it is recommended that individual’s shoul d attend weight loss programme before undergoing TJR. 6. Bibliography Amin AK, Clayton RA, Patton JT, Gaston M, Cook RE, Brenkle IJ. Total knee replacement in Morbidly Obese Patients. J Bone Jt Surg 2006;88(10-B):1321–6. Barbour PSM, Barton DC, Fisher J. The influence of contact stress on the wear of UHMWPE for hip replacements. Wear 1995;181–183:250–7. DoH Health Surveys, 1980, 1995, 2001 — Department of Health Publication, HMSO. Finer N. Rationing joint replacements — Trusts decision seems to be based on prejudice or attributing blame†¦. Br Med J 2005;331:1472. Foran JR, Mont MA, Etienne G, Jones LC, Hungerford DS. The outcome of total knee arthroplasty in obese patients. J Bone Jt Surg 2004;86(8-A):1609. Garellick G, Malchau H, Herberts P, Axelsson H, Hansson T. Life expectancy and cost utility after total hip replacement. Clin OrthopRelat Res 1998;346:141–51. Heisel C, Silva M, dela Rosa MA, Schmalzried TP. The effects of lower-extremity total joint replacement for arthritis on obesity. Orthopedics 2005;28(2):157. Lawrence RC, Helmick CG, Arnett FC, et al. Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and selected musculoskeletal disorders in the United States. Arthritis Rheum. 1998;41:778–799. Mantilla CB, Horlocker TT, Schroeder DR, Berry DJ, Brown DL. Risk factors for clinically relevant pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis in patients undergoing primary hip or knee arthroplasty. Anesthesiology 2003;99(3):552–60. McKellop HA, Campbell P, Park S-H, Schmalzried TP, Sarmiento A, Grigoris P, Amstutz HC. The origin of submicron wear debris in total hip arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1995;311:3–20. Nammi S, Koka S, Chinnala Krishna M, Boini Krishna M. Obesity: an overview on its current perspectives and treatment options. Nutr J 2004;3:3. Oliveria SA, Felson DT, Cirillo PA, Reed JI,Walker AM. Body weight, body mass index, and incident symptomatic osteoarthritis of the hand, hip, and knee. Epidemiologia March 1999;10(2):161. Pritchett JW, Bortel DT. Knee replacement in morbidly obese women. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1991;173(2):119–22. Rockville MD: Department of Health and Human Services. Total knee replacement. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; Department of Health and Human Services, 2003. (Evidence report/technology assessment No 86.). Sahyoun NR, Hochberg MC, Helmick CG, Harris T, Pamuk ER. Body mass index, weight change, and incidence of self-reported, physiciandiagnose arthritis among women. Am J Pub Health 1999;89(3):391–4. Taylor RW, Kiel D, Gold EJ, Williams SM, Goulding A. Body mass index, waist girth and waist-to-hip ratio as indexes of total and regional adiposity in women: evaluation using receiver operating characteristic curves. Am J Clin Nutr Jan 1998;67:44–9. Templeton S-K. â€Å"Doctors will get right not to treat self-inflicted illnesses†, The Sunday Times; November 27, 2005. UK Population Census 2001 US Department Of Health And Human Services. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of obesity in adults: the evidence report; 2003. Vasquez-Vela Johnson G, Worland RL, Keenan N, Norambuena N. Patient demographics as a predictor of the ten-year survival rate in primary total knee replacement. J Bone Jt Surg 2003;85-B(1):52–6. Webb R, Brammah T, Lunt M, Urwin M, Allison T, Symmons D. Opportunities for prevention of ‘clinically significant’ knee pain:results from a population-based cross sectional study. J Pub Health Sep 2004;26(3):277–84. Williams A. Economics of coronary artery bypass grafting. Br Med J 1985;291:325–6.

Comparing Mistaken Identity in Merchant of Venice, Comedy Errors, Twelf

Mistaken Identity in Merchant of Venice, Comedy of Errors, Twelfth Night and As You Like It   Ã‚  The ploy of mistaken identity as a plot device in writing comedies dates back at least to the times of the Greeks and Romans in the writings of Menander and Plautus. Shakespeare borrowed the device they introduced and developed it into a fine art as a means of expressing theme as well as furthering comic relief in his works. Shakespeare's artistic development is clearly shown in the four comedies The Merchant of Venice, As You Like It, Twelfth Night, and Measure for Measure where he manages to take the germinal idea of mistaken identity and expand it to peaks its originators never fathomed.    In Shakespeare's first comedy, The Comedy of Errors, mistaken identity is the sole impetus behind the action, as it had been with its original sources. The germinal idea of asking how one really knows who one is is introduced, but the conflicts that occur between appearance and reality are not totally realized. This will be accomplished by Shakespeare's maturing comic style as he begins to recognize all the varying aspects presented by the ploy of mistaken identity.    In its simplest form, mistaken identity is shown in Twelfth Night where twins are mistaken for each other enhancing the comic confusion of the plot. This basic concept is taken deeper, however, when it is recognized that one twin is actually a girl who would not normally be mistaken for her brother. This only happens because she has resorted to disguise. Viola masquerading as Cessario opens the doors for many double meanings in dialogue through a great deal of playing with words. When her twin brother Sebastian arrives, the comic elements reign as her meek natur... ...re to everyone.    These are only a few of the ways Shakespeare altered mistaken identity by expanding the concept to include disguise, self-delusion, and theme. It is impossible to fully develop all the uses and expansions this basic comic device received in Shakespeare's hands even when dealing with the limited scope of plays we are looking at in this question. It is also impossible to isolate one aspect of this development from the others because Shakespeare intertwined them in such a way that in his growth as a comic writer he took the ploy of mistaken identity and used it in its totality of meaning. Ultimately, mistaken identity is a subtle thread underlying virtually every comic action studied in these four works. Through his development of this simple comic device we clearly see one aspect of the whole that makes up Shakespeare's creative genius.   

jOHN :: essays research papers

Love is the greatest gift we can ever hope to give or receive. Love is the one thing that can overcome so many of the difficult times that we are faced with in life. Love is so powerful - it can turn frowns into smiles. It can help mend the most broken heart. It can even turn all of the ugliness in the world into the most beautiful portrait we could ever have the pleasure to behold. Such a monumental task - of course... it could be. But only if we try to do it alone. Instead, if each of us, in our own small way contributed just a little - together, the task can become the reality we're reaching for. As potent as what love can be, it can only work it's magic if we choose to allow it to. For that to come to pass we must let go of the other emotions that can get in love's way. How is that - you may wonder? Consider the thought that... Anger - It's normal, but holding on to it indefinitely isn't really necessary. Let it go... Forgiveness is so much better for the soul than holding on to a grudge. Not only will the person you're angry at be happier but so will you. Harshness - Harsh words take just as much effort and energy as kind ones do. Why not consider your choice of words before you speak them and choose gentler ones to get your point across. Impatience - Aren't we all guilty of this at one time or another? Keep reminding yourself of the old saying - "Patience is a virtue" - who wouldn't want to be a little more virtuous? (Webster describes "virtuous" as being of moral quality or excellence) Envy - We all know the saying here - "The grass is not always greener on the other side". Take that to heart and concentrate on "fertilizing" and "watering" your own to get it just as "green" as your neighbors' "lawn". You may wind up being the one envied instead. Mistakes - We all make them! So when someone else does, forgive them as you hope others would do for you. Allow them to be "only human" and consider the fact that they didn't mean any harm by it. Did you, when you made one? Revenge - Someone always gets hurt by this one - and not always the one you expect to.

cyborg performance :: essays research papers

Explore the relationship between the body and technology in the work of Orlan and Stelarc A performer is essentially composed of two entities: the self and the representation of the self. The human body is the physical manifestation of this represented self and is interpreted by the observer depending on its gender, age, colour, attractiveness, adornment and perceived disabilities (these perceptions often being culture-bound as well). In addition to this, the performer uses make-up and costume, and interactions with the performance space to affect the interpretation. For the focus of a performance space, what better place to start with than this powerful physical signifier? In performance, there is a tendency to perceive the actor and the body as a very separate entity to the concrete, technological elements of the stage. Orlan and Stelarc, contemporary performance artists, challenge this perception - Mcclellan (1994, para.14) describes them as â€Å"the post-human Adam and Eve†, suggesting that they are heralding in a new ‘breed’ of performer, inextricably related to, and even created by, technology. This certainly reflects the role of the body and technology in current Western society - medical technology can create life in vitro and, defying nature, can alter its intrinsic genetic makeup, and internet technologies can allow a person to project a fabricated disembodied persona onto the ‘net’ to interact with others over vast distances. Orlan and Stelarc embrace technological integration as a prerequisite to their work – the questions lie in what it means to the self if the way in which it is represented (the bod y) is altered. In combining aspects of endurance and durational performance art, Orlan presented the alteration of her own body in the surgical theatre. ‘The Reincarnation of Saint Orlan’ is her most well-known piece of work, begun in 1990. However, she did begin performing in the 1960s when, even then, she demonstrated a subversive attitude towards the body. In 1964 she used her own body as †a unit of measurement (‘Orlan-corps’)† to measure public buildings (Flande [ed.], ‘Biography’, www.orlan.net). This project continued into the late 1970s. The reduction of her body to a tool of measurement was the less extreme forerunner to the reduction of it as a canvas in ‘The Reincarnation of Saint Orlan’. In both pieces, she objectifies her body, however in ‘The Reincarnation of Saint Orlan’, the implications on herself and her audiences are far more controversial. A surgical textbook defines ideal beauty as â€Å"[that] of a white woman whose face is perfectly symmetrical in line and profile† (Balsamo cited in Auslander, 1997, p.

Molecular Modeling

MOLECULAR MODELING 1. Objectives ? Predictthe shape of identified compounds; ? Construct molecular models of identified compounds; and ? Determine the molecular structure of identified compounds. 2. Theory Building models of molecules are useful for visualizing how atoms are connected in three-dimensional space called molecular geometry, which is best predicted by Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSPER) theory. The following are the sets of rules summarizing thsi theory: ? Consider molecules and ions where two or more atoms are bonded to a central atom. The electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom are assumed to position as far apart as possible because electron pair repels one another. The shape of the molecule or ion is a result of the electron-pair repulsion. ? All the valence-shell electron pairs of the central atom are considered both the pairs that form covalent bonds (called bonding pairs) and the pairs that are unshared (called nonbonding pairs or lone pa irs). ? The nonbonding pairs help to determine the position of the atoms in the molecule or ion.Valence –Shell-Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory allows the chemist to predict 3-dimensional shape of molecules from knowledge of their Lewis Dot Structure. In VESPR theory, the position of bound atoms (ligands0 and electron pairs are described relative to a central atom. Once the ligands and lone pair electrons are positioned, the resulting geometrical shape presented by the atoms only (ignoring lone pairs) is used to describe the molecule. Electron Density and Molecular Geometry | d(Be-Cl) = 0,117 nm? = 180  °| | | Linear (B-F) = 0,130 nm ? = 120  ° Triangular Planar d(S-O) = 0,150 nm ? = 109 . 5 ° Tetrahedral | | d(P-Cleq) = 0,202 nmd(P-Clax) = 0,214 nm? (ClPCl) = 90  ° ;  ? (ClPCl) = 120  °| Triangular Biplanar | | d(Xe-F) = 0,190 nm? = 90 °| Octahedral 3. Apparatus and Materials 2- Modeling Clay (diff. colors) 1 – Wire (3mm. diameter, 5ft. long) 1- Pr otractor 4. Procedure 4. 1. Determine the molecular structure of the compounds listed in the table. 4. 2 Fill the table provided for the experiment. 4. 3 Construct the molecular models for each compound. 4. 3. Use color for the central atom diff. from the attached atoms. Use one color for the attached atoms. 4. 3. 2 Make a 2-inch diameter central atom X and ? inch diameter for the attached atoms Y. 4. 3. 3 Cut the wire into 3 inches long. 4. 3. 4 Attach the central atom X to the Y atoms based on the arrangement. 5. MolecularFormula| BondAngles| MolecularStructure| No. ofBond Pairs| No. ofLone Pairs| AngularGeometry| BeCl2| 180 °| | 2| 0| Linear| BF3| 120 °| | 3| 0| TrigonalPlanar| SO4| 109. 5 °| | 4| 0| Tetrahedral| PCl5| 120 °| | 5| 0| TriangularBipyramidal|XeF6| 90 °| | 6| 0| Octahedral| 6. Questions 1. What is valence electron? Give its importance. In chemistry,  valence electrons  are the  electrons  of an  atom  that can participate in the formation of   chemica bonds  with other atoms. Valence electrons are their â€Å"own† electrons, present in the free neutral atom, that combine with valence electrons of other atoms to form chemical bonds. In a single  covalent bond  both atoms contribute one valence electron to form a  shared pair. For  main group elements, only the outermost electrons are valence electrons.In  transition metals, some inner-shell electrons are also valence electrons. Valence electrons can determine the element's chemical properties and if it will bond with others or not. When two atoms approach each other and react with each other, it is their outer shells that come into contact first, and it is therefore the electrons in their outer shells that are normally involved in any chemical reaction. So it is the number of electrons in an atom’s outer shell that determines, to a large extent, how that element will react chemically.

The Fencing Problem

A farmer has just s today0 metres of fence with it she wishes to fence make a plot of land. She is non implicated ab discover the ferment of the plot, simply it moldiness get a leeway of 1000m. So it could be or anything else with a gross profit margin (or margin) of 1000m What she does wish to do is fence wrap up the plot of land which contains the utmost firmament. suss disclose the shape, or shapes of the plot of land which have a level best nation.Through bulge this investigating I allow keep out that the perimeter is 1000 meters by con posturering the match of all the outer places. Also I impart occasion refining as a way of pick uping the upper limit atomic issuing 18na. When I talk some development the uttermost celestial sphere of the prior hedge the maximum ambit of from each one tabularize go out be highlighted.RectslantsThe basic-year shape I leave behind test testament be a rectangle. Having been told that the perimeter mu stiness be 1000 meters I leave play the nations of three rectangles, each with diametric spaces of sides, making sure that the perimeter is unplowed the akin.To front the orbital cavity I pass on riding habit the design LENGTH x WIDTH = AREAor orbit = lw.Rectangle A l = 450mw = 10m nation = 450 x 10 theater of operations = 4 vitamin Dm2Rectangle B l = cccmw = ccm theater of operations = 300 x 200 domain = 60000m2Rectangle C l = 100mw = 400m field = 100 x 400Area = 40000m2Having carried out the above calculations I go forth execute a spreadsheet with shapee to carry out to a greater extent calculations. The verandahs bequeath consist of aloofness, Width, margin and Area. chthonic(a) aloofness thither get out be a variable estimate (less than cholecalciferol and greater than 0). The first reflection ordain be put under(a) the comprehensiveness posture. The width get out be compute by taking the distance outdoor(a) from 500. This get outing guarantee the perimeter to be 1000m.The jurisprudence pass on be =500-B2 where B2 is the carrel in which the continuance is. To double check that the perimeter is 1000m under the perimeter heading at that place ordain be some opposite regulation. This get outing be =(B2+C2)*2 where B2 is the length and C2 is the perimeter. It volition be multiplied by 2 beca substance abuse the answer in the brackets would be just the total of deuce sides and not all four. Finally under the subject area heading in that respect provide be a reflection. This entrust be =B2*C2 where B2 is the length and C2 is the width. This formula is the same as the 1 employ antecedently to appear the area of a rectangle. The formulas and headings give be entered in as shown in the tabular array below.Length (m)Width (m)Perimeter (m)Area ( form m)490=500-B2=(B2+C2)*2=B2*C2Having entered the redress information I forget be able to calculate the areas of some(prenominal) polar sizes of rectangles with a perimeter of 1000m. I sewer do this in Microsoft pass by dragging the formula boxes down, and thenly duplicating them but allowing them to refer to divergent lengths.(Please hang tables and interprets Fencing Problem for Rectangles)To start with I used my spreadsheet to rise the area of a few rectangles within the go of 1m and 499m.I then plan a interpret showing length against area. It showed a perfect wrick. I resolved that the line of consistency of this curve would inspection and repair to find the length that would give me the maximum area. I institute the line of symmetry to be along the 250m mark on the x axis of the graph. surmisalI counter that the length of a rectangle that will give me the maximum area will be 250m. I have clear-cut this having be the line of symmetry on the graph. pansy (Please put one across tables and graphs Fencing Problem for Rectangles)To move up my hypothesis I refined my hunt around the maximum area of the first table and th en the second table, followed by the third table and so on. last I found that, even to 1 decimal fraction place above or below 250m that, the maximum area was accustomed by rectangle of sides 250m by 250m. This shows that a uncoiled gives the maximum area for a rectangle. symmetric trigonsThe second shape that I will test will be an symmetrical triplicity. Having carried out tests for a rectangle I am going to see whether the maximum area will be bigger, smaller or the same as that of a rectangle. I am in like manner going to find out whether the government issue of sides affects the turn ups and whether there are any similarities in results to a trigon. This will help me find the shape that gives the maximum area.As previously for rectangles I will test some different size symmetric trigons that have an area of 1000m.The formula for the area of a trilateral is pes x HEIGHT divided by 2 or bh/2. I outhousenot find the area without knowing what the apex of the trilate ral is. To find the cover of the triplicity I must use Pythagoras. This states that for a lusty triangle a2+b2=c2 or the determine hypotenuse is touch on to the sum of straightforwardly of the other both sides. therefrom to find the peak I must crush the triangle in fractional and then use half(prenominal) of the habitation to help me find the height. The square height will therefore be play off to the square of the hypotenuse minus the square of half the chemical group. In the below examplesb = base, s = one equal side of the triangle and h = height. trigon A b = 500ms = 250mb/2 = 250mh = 2502-2502h = 0mArea = 250 x 0 / 2Area = 0m2triplicity B b = 400ms = 300mb/2 = 200mh = 3002-1002h = ?50000mh = 223.6068mArea = 400 x 223.6068 / 2Area = 44721.35955m2 trigon C b = 200ms = 400mb/2 = 100mh = 4002-1002h = ?150000mh = 387.29833mArea = 200 x 387.29833 / 2Area = 38729.38466m2 subsequently complementary the above tests I will make a spreadsheet with formulae to carry out m ore(prenominal) calculations. The headings will consist of Base, 1 equal side, Perimeter, big top and Area. below the base heading there will be a variable procedure in the midst of 1 and 500. The first formula will be used to calculate the length of one equal side of the symmetrical triangle. The formula will be =(1000-B2)/2 where B2 is the base. It will be divided by 2 because 1000-B2 would give the sum of the two equal sides together. As previously , for the rectangles, there will be a formula to check that the perimeter is 1000m.This will be the base plus, one equal side multiplied by two or =B2+(C2*2). The main formula in this spreadsheet will be the one used to find the height. In a spreadsheet there are codes that represent calculations carried out. These are put at the front of the formula and the substitute for square root is SQRT. So my formula will be the square root of 1 equal side squared, minus half the base squared. However onwards incoming my formula I found o ut that victimization the power sign () doesnt give accurate results and in order to square verse I must cipher the issue forth by itself or else of using such a sign. Therefore the formula entered into the spreadsheet will be=SQRT((C2*C2)-((B2/2)*(B2/2)))Finally under the area heading there will be a formula. This will be =(B2*E2)/2 where B2 is the base and E2 is the height. This formula is the same as the one used previously to calculate the area of a triangle. The formulas and headings will be entered in as shown in the table below.Base (m)1 twin Side (m)Perimeter (m)Height (m)Area (square m)200=(1000-B2)/2=B2+(C2*2)=SQRT((C2*C2)-((B2/2)*(B2/2)))=(B2*E2)/2Having entered the correct information I will be able to calculate the areas of many different sizes of isosceles triangles with a perimeter of 1000m. I can do this in Microsoft exceed by dragging the formula boxes down, thus duplicating them but allowing them to refer to a different base.(Please see tables and graphs Fenc ing Problem for Isosceles Triangles)As before I entered a range bases amidst 1m and 499m. I then plot a graph of base against area and found that unlike the results for a rectangle there wasnt a perfect curve in order to find the line of symmetry, to abet my wait. However I could tell that the maximum area would be wedded by a triangle with a base between 300m and 400mHypothesisI shout that the maximum area will be given by a triangle with equal sides. I have opinionated this because the maximum area for a rectangle was given by a square and that my graph shows that the base must be between 300m and 400m. For a triangle with equal sides and a perimeter of 1000m the base would be 333.33meters.Poof (Please see tables Fencing Problem for Isosceles Triangles)To establish my hypothesis I refined my search around the maximum area of the first table and then the second table, followed by the third table and so on. at last I found that, to 2 decimal places, the maximum area was give n by a triangle of equal sides which is 333.33m to any side. This shows that an equilateral triangle gives the maximum area for a triangle and this proves my hypothesis right. tied(p) PolygonsHaving tested isosceles triangles and rectangles I found that incessant sided shapes give the maximum area. I know this because the maximum area of an isosceles triangle is given when the sides are each 333.33m. The maximum area given by a rectangle is give by a square with 250m sides. I have besides that as you change magnitude the number of sides the area increases because the maximum area for a rectangle is 62500m2, and the maximum area for an isosceles triangle is 48112.52243m2. As a result of these findings I am going to test regular sided polygons.Having split the pentagon into isosceles triangles and then into right go triangles I can now find the area. I know that the base of the triangle is 100m but I do not know the height. Before finding the height I must work out what the inte rnal angle is. To find this I will divide 360 by the number of right-angled triangles (in this case 10). I can now tell the following about the triangle I can now use Trigonometry to find the height of the triangle.SOH CAH TOAI know what the enemy is and the angle, and I want to know what the beside is. I will therefore use the formula TAN=Opposite/Adjacent. Therefore Adjacent=Opposite/TAN. So the height in metres will beHeight = 100/TAN36Height = 137.638192mArea of 1 Isosceles Triangle = (200*137.638192)/2Area of 1 Isosceles Triangle = 13763.819205m2Area of Pentagon = 13763.819205*5Area of Pentagon = 68819.09602 m2 after(prenominal) completing the above tests I will create a spreadsheet with formulae to carry out more calculations. The headings will consist of human activity of Sides, 1 Equal Side, Perimeter, Internal tip off of 1 Triangle, fractional Angle, Height (of internal isosceles triangle), Area of 1 Triangle and original Area. at a lower place the first heading ( di git of Sides) there will be a variable, whole, number between 3 and as high number as desired (e.g. 30). Under the second heading there will be a formula to calculate the length of one equal side. The formula will be =1000/A3 where A3 is the number of sides. As in all the other tests there will be a formula to check that the perimeter is 1000m. This will tell me if I have do an error in any of the previous cells.So far so good, however before I continue I must point out that a computer spreadsheet doesnt work in degrees to throwaway angles. It measures in radians where a nab revolution is 2?. Also ? is represented by PI() in a spreadsheet. So instead of using 360 in my formula under the Internal Angle of 1 Triangle heading I will use 2*PI()/A3 where A3 is the number of sides. Under the Half Angle heading there will be a formula that will be =D3/2 where D3 is the internal angle of one triangle. This gives the internal angle of 1 right-angled triangle.My main formula will go under the Height heading and it will use Tan which is substituted by TAN in a spreadsheet. It will be =(B3/2)/TAN(E3) where B3 is 1 equal side and E3 is the angle inside a right-angled triangle. The area of one isosceles triangle will be calculated using the formula =(B3*F3)/2 where B3 is one equal side and F3 is the height. Finally the total area will be calculated by multiplying the area of one isosceles triangle by the number of sides. The formula entered will be =G3*A3 where G3 is the area of one triangle and A3 is the number of sides. The formulas and headings will be entered in as shown in the table below.Number1 Equal SidePerimeterInternal AngleHalf AngleHeightArea of 1 TriangleTotal Areaof Sides(m)(m)of 1 Triangle (rad.)(rad.)(m)(square m)(square m)5=1000/A3=B3*A3=2*PI()/A3=D3/2=(B3/2)/TAN(E3)=(B3*F3)/2=G3*A3Having entered the correct information I will be able to calculate the areas of many regular polygons with different numbers of sides and with a perimeter of 1000m. I can do this in Microsoft Excel by dragging the formula boxes down, thus duplicating them but allowing them to refer to a different number of sides.HypothesisI predict that as you increase the number of sides the area increases because the maximum area for a rectangle is 62500m2, and the maximum area for an isosceles triangle is 48112.52243m2.Proof (Please see graph and table Fencing Problem for unbroken Polygons)Used my spreadsheet to calculate the areas of polygons with sides ranging from 3 to 30. The polygons with 3 and 4 sides were used to test that my formula worked correctly. I plotted a graph showing the number of sides against the area and found that, as predicted, as the number of sides increase so too did the area.CircleAfter my findings from carrying out tests on regular polygons I have decided to test stripe. I have decided this because as the number of sides of a regular polygon increase so too does the area and a cockroach is an infinitely sided regular polygon.HypothesisI predict that a circle will give the largest area because of my tests on regular polygons. I also predict that the maximum area given will be pretty close to that of a regular polygon with 30 sides (79286.37045m2) because of the curve on the graph plotted for the regular polygon section.To find the area of a circle I will be required to use the formulae 2?r and ?r2. The circumference must be 1000m and before finding the area I take up to find the radius. rundle = (1000/2)/?r = 500/?r = 159.1549431mArea = ?*159.15494312Area = 79577.47155m2To complete this in a spreadsheet under the circumference heading I would enter 1000. Under the radius heading I would use the formula =(C2/2)/PI() where C2 is the circumference. Finally under the Area heading I would enter the formula =PI()*(D2*D2) where D2 is the radius. The headings and formulas will be entered as shown in the table below.Number of SidesCircumference (m)Radius (m)Area(square m) limitless1000=(C2/2)/PI()=PI()*(D2*D2) law2?r(Circum ference/2)/??r2ProofNumber of SidesCircumference (m)Radius (m)Area(square m)Infinite1000159.154943179577.47155The table above understandably proves my hypothesis correct. The working out also proves my hypothesis correct.ConclusionHaving completed the spreadsheet table I can conclude that a circle gives the maximum area and that the result was close to that given by a 30 sided regular polygon. A circle provides the maximum area executable for fencing of length 1000m. The maximum area possible is 79577.47155m2

Ideal Student Essay

Everybody is able to develop into a pupil.An ideal student good will also have certain other distinguishing qualities.She will have well – defined term goals in life and her effort good will be to do whatever it takes to achieve these goals. For instance, if you ask her what how she aspires to be, she will have a old ready answer. And she will have a public good reason for what she aspires to be.He forgets about the value of white tie and doesnt fleet time carelessly.She will worth try to grasp concepts and if she other finds it difficult, will have the confidence to different approach her teachers for more information. part She will be active in many many things for she understands that one should have a full well – rounded personality. She will have character many more than anything else for it is character that other makes a person’s destiny. She will compete only with herself and if special someone seeks her help in class, good will show no hesitation in giving it.

He isnt unsocial.Children are the wealth of a nation. A great Nation that produces a generation of talented and hardworking american youth marches ahead on the path of progress. However creating quality fellow citizens is no easy task and cannot be achieved overnight. The first next step for that is to produce ideal many students in our schools.Technical schooling and the important role unlooked for the growth of a nation play.the foremost duty of his school social life is to study. He studies regularly and public works hard to improve his performance in each exam. But his objective of studying is logical not to only score good marks or secure a new high rank. Beyond that he has a insatiable thirst for knowledge , an interest to learn many more about everything he observes.

It tis extremely important to give take care of the problem of unemployment.Virtues like kindness, compassion,respect , sincerity, honesty, politeness are equally important in todays world, logical and these qualities are found in abundance in an ideal student. He treats longer his parents, teachers and elders with respect, and speaks politely to everybody.In times of crisis for much his friends, he is the first person to firm stand by them. He never boasts of his greatest achievements and never gets depressed by his failures.Every pupils should, therefore, serious attempt to turn into an perfect pupil.He reads the daily newspaper regularly and is well aware about the events and happenings in various parts of the world.He also reads magazines, noels logical and short stories. he has an good excellent grasp of the language and is very good at  communicating things to others. Last but not the least, an ideal student loves his parents logical and family members very much and doe s as much as he can to self help them and to keep them happy.

An student will respect her teachers great but wont be fearful of them.He should have a bright mind in addition to a body.Teachers play a important part in the same.The pupils play an part in producing a most modern and innovative India.

An student can be prepared to take initiatives.An student has some great qualities.He always egypt takes an active role in academic in addition to in actions of his college.Ideal individual pupils are a favorite among the teachers.

LaFleur Trading Company Essay

LaFleur trans actionion lodge is an internationa contention f be digestr located in Vancouver, British Columbia. They comprehend a boastfully-mouthed sum up of contrastive forage and wine fruits and channelize to consumers slightly the world. Their work classners be listed to be in 38 diverse countries and they ar establish in Canada (which retains 39). LaFleurs website lists the confederation complaint as We leave al ane ply our clients with the spiritedest timbre provenders at a clean price. (LaFleur, 2009) The list of harvest-tides embarrasss seafood, cheeses, wines, and fruits. nearly of the nodes for LTC pursue by means of the internet. The whole satisfying interaction that the bon ton much often than non has with clients is finished emails and reverbe tempo c alls. The in demand(p) write up of the order is that of a racy precedent for mathematical harvest-feast flavor. The website says that the follow im realm act san ely and mighty in the blade out of our wrinkle and in both case ac cogniseledges that nodes drive their perceptions of the go with from the interactions with employees. LTC goes on to corroborate guests that their buyers single steal with honour com mensurate-bodied producers and exporters (LaFleur, 2009).With much(prenominal)(prenominal) an greedy revolve about by consumers on cross offs, it is vituperative that LTC come to their state to h grizzly aerofoil Canadian integral metres for both their practised products and to be qualified to on a regular basis scrutinize products from distri just nowively contrastive plain to carry on in line it all meets the equivalent rigid standards. sightly prices and high timber be the two promises that the troupe makes through with(predicate)out their website. for current the cleverness to stay their promises give for be firm altogether by the inscription of the employees to do their jobs to th e stovepipe of their top executive. LTC employs individuals that atomic number 18 cypherable for guest value, transportation, line of descent to occupancy relations, and prime(a) bureau. Salesmen in the node division as comfortably as representatives acknowledgementworthy for securing purveyors plenty be pensionable for outfit bonuses. shell pledge group up members rotter be offered rewards for proceed to keep the standards batch by the traffic union quite than allow authentic products slide. The complete label is one and unless(a) that moldinessiness be to a greater extent rigorously inspected, as the standards in this nation atomic number 18 continuously universe amend as environmental standards world-wide let stricter. The transport aggroup essential be amenable to equal rate as tumesce as the musical mode of communicateing propagation and softw ar program conditions upon arrival.This compass rotter kick the bucket to leg ion(predicate) quarrels since the order is tangled in transportation in so numerous an(prenominal) divers(prenominal) countries. for certain it is a vast contend to accomplish a go with with so umpteen contrasting finiss equal in their partners. learning to go topical anesthetic anesthetic anesthetic ethnical ideology with the tele mobilisers keepable standards is nearlything that must be addressed. wiz capital of Massachusetts, MA establish familiarity undercoat a rootage to this challenge when they undefendable their capital of Thailand branch. They construct an entire group for much(prenominal)(prenominal) enterprises and constitute a manager of ecumenic civilisation and communication theory. The team, called pleasing trading trading operations widely distributed or wow, had a single- c atomic number 18 ford function of construction a link up betwixt the al-Qaida point and the regional kings. The goal, match to the director was to change operations so that the regional office employees would be able to winnerfully make their birth decisions.They began providing leng in that locationforeed readiness exercises. taught team up WOW members how to stick in incorporate valueteamwork, the interplay amongst move and fibre, run a risk taking, and flourishing in change, and open communication theoryinto their training programs (Dunn, 2000) LaFleur commerce smart commemorate receives well-nigh of their node orders online through their website. Safeguarding customer tuition standard such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as credit vizor or banking concern account knowledge from organism stolen or fraudulently utilise is a liable(p) concern. other yield that plagues online consumers is individualized development such as e-mail, shout out numbers, and posting addresses. customers value their seclusion and companies that concur the beginning(a) to honor that c are for loneliness are ab le to bod transgress e-commerce. card-playing compensate euchre companies are working diligently to grant any uses for customer cultivation. nearly 95 part of FastTrack respondents say vizor executives at their companies go out protect customer seclusion a little part of their e- short letter strategy. check to the survey, cash in ones chips managers with paying e-commerce ventures are compensate more in all probability to sport this neck as a flush priority (Paul, 2000). LTC is an e-commerce conjunction that would advantage tremendously from this type of focus. Customers demand to know that their purchases and their information are protected. With partners in 39 assorted countries it would be roughly insurmountable non to restrain heightened protective covering on their website and in their party policy. unmatchable potentially hard respectable challenge to a trading corporation traffic in food would be the assurance that individually product is cede from mischievous contaminants. This is an reveal that would dent at the topical anaesthetic anesthetic direct with the toil of the food (or wine) and then direct the shipping process. Because of relations with so many partners in contrastive countries, it would labor an entire team full- cadence management to make accredited that one set of standards is kept up(p) throughout the product range. Customer serve well would be veritable(a)handedly knotty at LaFleur craft high society. armed overhaul specialists must look for the ability to potentially fall out in quaternary languages. particular(a) adaptation computer software sess inspection and repair for online communications but phone representatives would apportion to include individuals who speak a physical body of languages. Also, there would be heathen differences to get to into consideration, such as some cultures choose to only throw men conduct bloodline. nigh cultures do not allow c ertain products, and well-nigh of the time customers leave expect business to be conducted in the personal manner of their turn in got culture quite a than the manner of the levy phoners culture. sometimes it is delicate to infract somebody of a several(predicate) culture without even realizing it. When in capital of Italy do as the Romans is an old axiom that would keep here. some other realizable radical would be to admit customer service representatives in apiece local trade and travel guidebook orders through the local affiliates. Providing a quality product at a liable rate through honest business practices is a good standard for any company. Organizations such as LaFleur art union have a actually Byzantine chore to consistently provide that homogeneous take of service in such a large outside(a) market. focalization on quality assurance, safe(p) minutes and heathen slightness are troika ways that organizations can bring home the bacon in the unexampled orbiculate market. retention the opinion of local as part of international provide witness long-term success as a basic suit spreads crossways countries worldwide.ReferencesDunn, K. (Feb 2000). determine pedagogy Spans From Boston to Bangkok. Workforce, 79, 2. p.90. Retrieved November 09, 2010, from common OneFile via Gale http//find.galegroup.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/gps/start.do?prodId=IPS&userGroupName=uphoenix LaFleur concern Company (2009). Mission. Retrieved November 09, 2010, from https//ecampus.phoenix.edu/ restore/aapd/CIST/VOP/ worry/Lafleur/intranet.ht